So it turns out I basically screwed myself in NMS. Evidently, getting a new ship before you can make your own antimatter means you will never be able to charge your warp drive, thus stranding yourself in the starting system. Who would've thought that an upgrade is detrimental to progress?
Theoretically I can either find or buy some more antimatter, but I've already spent several hours looking and haven't found any, so I think I may just about be done with this until/unless they patch it so that you can't fuck yourself over.